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Useful experience for agricultural/horticultural scientists includes:

• experience in a laboratory
• academic, scientific, or industry research
• any work in science or agriculture.

Agricultural/horticultural scientists may do some or all of the following:

• research and advise on animal or plant diseases, pest control, and chemical use
• develop better methods of managing farms and orchards
• study the effects of agriculture and horticulture on the environment 
• oversee new projects and field research
• research and write reports based on field study, and present results
• share research findings with other scientists, companies and government agencies
• write applications for research funding and manage budgets
• train and supervise lab technicians, research teams and field workers
• make sure all scientific work meets legal requirements.

Good demand for agricultural/horticultural scientists

Growing demand means opportunities for agricultural/horticultural scientists are good.

According to the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, the amount of work for scientists has been increasing. It is expected to grow significantly to 2023, and then continue growing at 1.8% per year to 2028.

According to the Census, 714 agricultural/horticultural scientists worked in New Zealand in 2018.

Increased funding means more jobs for agricultural/horticultural scientists

In the 2019 Budget, the Government announced increased funding for some primary sector areas. As a result, opportunities for agricultural/horticultural scientists are best in:

• animal welfare
• biosecurity
• environment and conservation
• food safety
• sustainable land use.

Chances in these areas are particularly good for agricultural/horticultural scientists with experience in:

• analysing and monitoring climate and environmental conditions
• producing research and reports that inform government policy and legislation
• researching and monitoring sustainable land and water use
• scientific development, research and innovation projects.

Demand is strongest for scientists who specialise in environmental research.

Types of employers varied

Agricultural/horticultural scientists may work for:

• agricultural and horticultural equipment suppliers
• animal and plant feed developers and manufacturers
• chemical companies producing fertilisers and similar products
• consultancy companies – for example, those doing environmental assessments for resource consents
• government departments and local councils
• universities and research institutes.

Agricultural/horticultural scientists in research positions usually:

• apply for a postdoctoral fellowship after completing a Doctorate
• complete two or three postdoctoral fellowships (usually lasting two or three years each), before getting a permanent scientist position
• progress into senior research scientist, team leader, or managerial roles after they have about 15 years of experience.

Agricultural/horticultural scientists can specialise in a number of roles, including:

Agricultural Biotechnologist

Agricultural biotechnologists use techniques, such as genetic engineering, to improve the quality and diversity of plant and animal products.

Agricultural Entomologist

Agricultural entomologists investigate the causes of insect outbreaks, and research ways to control them through biological pest management and chemical processes.

Agricultural Microbiologist

Agricultural microbiologists identify and control plant and animal disease. They often work in specialised areas such as food technology or environmental management.

Agronomist

Agronomists advise farmers and growers on best agricultural practice, including how to increase crop yield and farming profits.

Animal Scientist

Animal scientists research and study the genetics, nutrition, reproduction, growth, and development of domestic farm animals.

Crop Physiologist

Crop physiologists study plant growth and the effects of environmental conditions and chemicals on crops.

Environmental Scientist

Environmental scientists study the environment and how plants, animals and other living things are affected by it. They also study external influences, such as pollutants, and advise how to reduce their harmful effects.

Horticultural Scientist

Horticultural scientists study the growth and development of plants and crops, including vegetables and fruits.

Soil Scientist

Soil scientists study the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soils to work out the most effective planting methods.

Agricultural/horticultural scientists need to be:

• accurate
• observant
• organised
• decisive
• good at solving problems
• good at communicating
• practical
• able to work well alone and in a team.